634 lines
23 KiB
C++
634 lines
23 KiB
C++
// Copyright 2015 Citra Emulator Project
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// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
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// Refer to the license.txt file included.
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#pragma once
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#include <map>
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#include <memory>
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#include <tuple>
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#include <vector>
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#include "common/common_types.h"
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#include "common/memory_hook.h"
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#include "common/page_table.h"
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#include "core/hle/result.h"
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#include "core/memory.h"
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namespace FileSys {
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enum class ProgramAddressSpaceType : u8;
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}
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namespace Kernel {
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enum class VMAType : u8 {
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/// VMA represents an unmapped region of the address space.
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Free,
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/// VMA is backed by a ref-counted allocate memory block.
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AllocatedMemoryBlock,
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/// VMA is backed by a raw, unmanaged pointer.
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BackingMemory,
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/// VMA is mapped to MMIO registers at a fixed PAddr.
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MMIO,
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// TODO(yuriks): Implement MemoryAlias to support MAP/UNMAP
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};
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/// Permissions for mapped memory blocks
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enum class VMAPermission : u8 {
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None = 0,
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Read = 1,
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Write = 2,
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Execute = 4,
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ReadWrite = Read | Write,
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ReadExecute = Read | Execute,
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WriteExecute = Write | Execute,
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ReadWriteExecute = Read | Write | Execute,
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};
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constexpr VMAPermission operator|(VMAPermission lhs, VMAPermission rhs) {
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return static_cast<VMAPermission>(u32(lhs) | u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr VMAPermission operator&(VMAPermission lhs, VMAPermission rhs) {
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return static_cast<VMAPermission>(u32(lhs) & u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr VMAPermission operator^(VMAPermission lhs, VMAPermission rhs) {
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return static_cast<VMAPermission>(u32(lhs) ^ u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr VMAPermission operator~(VMAPermission permission) {
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return static_cast<VMAPermission>(~u32(permission));
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}
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constexpr VMAPermission& operator|=(VMAPermission& lhs, VMAPermission rhs) {
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lhs = lhs | rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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constexpr VMAPermission& operator&=(VMAPermission& lhs, VMAPermission rhs) {
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lhs = lhs & rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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constexpr VMAPermission& operator^=(VMAPermission& lhs, VMAPermission rhs) {
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lhs = lhs ^ rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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/// Attribute flags that can be applied to a VMA
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enum class MemoryAttribute : u32 {
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Mask = 0xFF,
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/// No particular qualities
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None = 0,
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/// Memory locked/borrowed for use. e.g. This would be used by transfer memory.
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Locked = 1,
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/// Memory locked for use by IPC-related internals.
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LockedForIPC = 2,
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/// Mapped as part of the device address space.
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DeviceMapped = 4,
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/// Uncached memory
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Uncached = 8,
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};
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constexpr MemoryAttribute operator|(MemoryAttribute lhs, MemoryAttribute rhs) {
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return static_cast<MemoryAttribute>(u32(lhs) | u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr MemoryAttribute operator&(MemoryAttribute lhs, MemoryAttribute rhs) {
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return static_cast<MemoryAttribute>(u32(lhs) & u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr MemoryAttribute operator^(MemoryAttribute lhs, MemoryAttribute rhs) {
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return static_cast<MemoryAttribute>(u32(lhs) ^ u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr MemoryAttribute operator~(MemoryAttribute attribute) {
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return static_cast<MemoryAttribute>(~u32(attribute));
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}
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constexpr MemoryAttribute& operator|=(MemoryAttribute& lhs, MemoryAttribute rhs) {
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lhs = lhs | rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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constexpr MemoryAttribute& operator&=(MemoryAttribute& lhs, MemoryAttribute rhs) {
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lhs = lhs & rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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constexpr MemoryAttribute& operator^=(MemoryAttribute& lhs, MemoryAttribute rhs) {
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lhs = lhs ^ rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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constexpr u32 ToSvcMemoryAttribute(MemoryAttribute attribute) {
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return static_cast<u32>(attribute & MemoryAttribute::Mask);
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}
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// clang-format off
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/// Represents memory states and any relevant flags, as used by the kernel.
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/// svcQueryMemory interprets these by masking away all but the first eight
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/// bits when storing memory state into a MemoryInfo instance.
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enum class MemoryState : u32 {
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Mask = 0xFF,
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FlagProtect = 1U << 8,
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FlagDebug = 1U << 9,
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FlagIPC0 = 1U << 10,
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FlagIPC3 = 1U << 11,
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FlagIPC1 = 1U << 12,
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FlagMapped = 1U << 13,
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FlagCode = 1U << 14,
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FlagAlias = 1U << 15,
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FlagModule = 1U << 16,
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FlagTransfer = 1U << 17,
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FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed = 1U << 18,
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FlagSharedDevice = 1U << 19,
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FlagSharedDeviceAligned = 1U << 20,
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FlagIPCBuffer = 1U << 21,
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FlagMemoryPoolAllocated = 1U << 22,
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FlagMapProcess = 1U << 23,
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FlagUncached = 1U << 24,
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FlagCodeMemory = 1U << 25,
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// Convenience flag sets to reduce repetition
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IPCFlags = FlagIPC0 | FlagIPC3 | FlagIPC1,
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CodeFlags = FlagDebug | IPCFlags | FlagMapped | FlagCode | FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed |
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FlagSharedDevice | FlagSharedDeviceAligned | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated,
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DataFlags = FlagProtect | IPCFlags | FlagMapped | FlagAlias | FlagTransfer |
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FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed | FlagSharedDevice | FlagSharedDeviceAligned |
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FlagMemoryPoolAllocated | FlagIPCBuffer | FlagUncached,
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Unmapped = 0x00,
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Io = 0x01 | FlagMapped,
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Normal = 0x02 | FlagMapped | FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed,
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CodeStatic = 0x03 | CodeFlags | FlagMapProcess,
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CodeMutable = 0x04 | CodeFlags | FlagMapProcess | FlagCodeMemory,
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Heap = 0x05 | DataFlags | FlagCodeMemory,
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Shared = 0x06 | FlagMapped | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated,
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ModuleCodeStatic = 0x08 | CodeFlags | FlagModule | FlagMapProcess,
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ModuleCodeMutable = 0x09 | DataFlags | FlagModule | FlagMapProcess | FlagCodeMemory,
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IpcBuffer0 = 0x0A | FlagMapped | FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated |
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IPCFlags | FlagSharedDevice | FlagSharedDeviceAligned,
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Stack = 0x0B | FlagMapped | IPCFlags | FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed |
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FlagSharedDevice | FlagSharedDeviceAligned | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated,
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ThreadLocal = 0x0C | FlagMapped | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated,
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TransferMemoryIsolated = 0x0D | IPCFlags | FlagMapped | FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed |
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FlagSharedDevice | FlagSharedDeviceAligned | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated |
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FlagUncached,
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TransferMemory = 0x0E | FlagIPC3 | FlagIPC1 | FlagMapped | FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed |
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FlagSharedDevice | FlagSharedDeviceAligned | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated,
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ProcessMemory = 0x0F | FlagIPC3 | FlagIPC1 | FlagMapped | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated,
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// Used to signify an inaccessible or invalid memory region with memory queries
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Inaccessible = 0x10,
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IpcBuffer1 = 0x11 | FlagIPC3 | FlagIPC1 | FlagMapped | FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed |
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FlagSharedDevice | FlagSharedDeviceAligned | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated,
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IpcBuffer3 = 0x12 | FlagIPC3 | FlagMapped | FlagQueryPhysicalAddressAllowed |
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FlagSharedDeviceAligned | FlagMemoryPoolAllocated,
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KernelStack = 0x13 | FlagMapped,
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};
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// clang-format on
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constexpr MemoryState operator|(MemoryState lhs, MemoryState rhs) {
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return static_cast<MemoryState>(u32(lhs) | u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr MemoryState operator&(MemoryState lhs, MemoryState rhs) {
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return static_cast<MemoryState>(u32(lhs) & u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr MemoryState operator^(MemoryState lhs, MemoryState rhs) {
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return static_cast<MemoryState>(u32(lhs) ^ u32(rhs));
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}
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constexpr MemoryState operator~(MemoryState lhs) {
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return static_cast<MemoryState>(~u32(lhs));
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}
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constexpr MemoryState& operator|=(MemoryState& lhs, MemoryState rhs) {
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lhs = lhs | rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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constexpr MemoryState& operator&=(MemoryState& lhs, MemoryState rhs) {
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lhs = lhs & rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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constexpr MemoryState& operator^=(MemoryState& lhs, MemoryState rhs) {
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lhs = lhs ^ rhs;
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return lhs;
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}
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constexpr u32 ToSvcMemoryState(MemoryState state) {
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return static_cast<u32>(state & MemoryState::Mask);
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}
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struct MemoryInfo {
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u64 base_address;
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u64 size;
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u32 state;
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u32 attributes;
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u32 permission;
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u32 ipc_ref_count;
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u32 device_ref_count;
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};
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static_assert(sizeof(MemoryInfo) == 0x28, "MemoryInfo has incorrect size.");
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struct PageInfo {
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u32 flags;
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};
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/**
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* Represents a VMA in an address space. A VMA is a contiguous region of virtual addressing space
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* with homogeneous attributes across its extents. In this particular implementation each VMA is
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* also backed by a single host memory allocation.
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*/
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struct VirtualMemoryArea {
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/// Gets the starting (base) address of this VMA.
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VAddr StartAddress() const {
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return base;
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}
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/// Gets the ending address of this VMA.
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VAddr EndAddress() const {
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return base + size - 1;
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}
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/// Virtual base address of the region.
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VAddr base = 0;
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/// Size of the region.
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u64 size = 0;
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VMAType type = VMAType::Free;
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VMAPermission permissions = VMAPermission::None;
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MemoryState state = MemoryState::Unmapped;
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MemoryAttribute attribute = MemoryAttribute::None;
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// Settings for type = AllocatedMemoryBlock
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/// Memory block backing this VMA.
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std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> backing_block = nullptr;
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/// Offset into the backing_memory the mapping starts from.
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std::size_t offset = 0;
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// Settings for type = BackingMemory
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/// Pointer backing this VMA. It will not be destroyed or freed when the VMA is removed.
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u8* backing_memory = nullptr;
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// Settings for type = MMIO
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/// Physical address of the register area this VMA maps to.
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PAddr paddr = 0;
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Common::MemoryHookPointer mmio_handler = nullptr;
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/// Tests if this area can be merged to the right with `next`.
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bool CanBeMergedWith(const VirtualMemoryArea& next) const;
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};
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/**
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* Manages a process' virtual addressing space. This class maintains a list of allocated and free
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* regions in the address space, along with their attributes, and allows kernel clients to
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* manipulate it, adjusting the page table to match.
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*
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* This is similar in idea and purpose to the VM manager present in operating system kernels, with
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* the main difference being that it doesn't have to support swapping or memory mapping of files.
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* The implementation is also simplified by not having to allocate page frames. See these articles
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* about the Linux kernel for an explantion of the concept and implementation:
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* - http://duartes.org/gustavo/blog/post/how-the-kernel-manages-your-memory/
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* - http://duartes.org/gustavo/blog/post/page-cache-the-affair-between-memory-and-files/
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*/
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class VMManager final {
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using VMAMap = std::map<VAddr, VirtualMemoryArea>;
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public:
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using VMAHandle = VMAMap::const_iterator;
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VMManager();
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~VMManager();
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/// Clears the address space map, re-initializing with a single free area.
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void Reset(FileSys::ProgramAddressSpaceType type);
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/// Finds the VMA in which the given address is included in, or `vma_map.end()`.
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VMAHandle FindVMA(VAddr target) const;
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/// Indicates whether or not the given handle is within the VMA map.
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bool IsValidHandle(VMAHandle handle) const;
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// TODO(yuriks): Should these functions actually return the handle?
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/**
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* Maps part of a ref-counted block of memory at a given address.
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*
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* @param target The guest address to start the mapping at.
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* @param block The block to be mapped.
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* @param offset Offset into `block` to map from.
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* @param size Size of the mapping.
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* @param state MemoryState tag to attach to the VMA.
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*/
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ResultVal<VMAHandle> MapMemoryBlock(VAddr target, std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> block,
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std::size_t offset, u64 size, MemoryState state);
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/**
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* Maps an unmanaged host memory pointer at a given address.
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*
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* @param target The guest address to start the mapping at.
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* @param memory The memory to be mapped.
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* @param size Size of the mapping.
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* @param state MemoryState tag to attach to the VMA.
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*/
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ResultVal<VMAHandle> MapBackingMemory(VAddr target, u8* memory, u64 size, MemoryState state);
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/**
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* Finds the first free address that can hold a region of the desired size.
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*
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* @param size Size of the desired region.
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* @return The found free address.
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*/
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ResultVal<VAddr> FindFreeRegion(u64 size) const;
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/**
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* Maps a memory-mapped IO region at a given address.
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*
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* @param target The guest address to start the mapping at.
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* @param paddr The physical address where the registers are present.
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* @param size Size of the mapping.
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* @param state MemoryState tag to attach to the VMA.
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* @param mmio_handler The handler that will implement read and write for this MMIO region.
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*/
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ResultVal<VMAHandle> MapMMIO(VAddr target, PAddr paddr, u64 size, MemoryState state,
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Common::MemoryHookPointer mmio_handler);
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/// Unmaps a range of addresses, splitting VMAs as necessary.
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ResultCode UnmapRange(VAddr target, u64 size);
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/// Changes the permissions of the given VMA.
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VMAHandle Reprotect(VMAHandle vma, VMAPermission new_perms);
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/// Changes the permissions of a range of addresses, splitting VMAs as necessary.
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ResultCode ReprotectRange(VAddr target, u64 size, VMAPermission new_perms);
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ResultVal<VAddr> HeapAllocate(VAddr target, u64 size, VMAPermission perms);
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ResultCode HeapFree(VAddr target, u64 size);
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ResultCode MirrorMemory(VAddr dst_addr, VAddr src_addr, u64 size, MemoryState state);
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/// Queries the memory manager for information about the given address.
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///
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/// @param address The address to query the memory manager about for information.
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///
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/// @return A MemoryInfo instance containing information about the given address.
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///
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MemoryInfo QueryMemory(VAddr address) const;
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/// Sets an attribute across the given address range.
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///
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/// @param address The starting address
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/// @param size The size of the range to set the attribute on.
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/// @param mask The attribute mask
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/// @param attribute The attribute to set across the given address range
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///
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/// @returns RESULT_SUCCESS if successful
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/// @returns ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS_STATE if the attribute could not be set.
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///
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ResultCode SetMemoryAttribute(VAddr address, u64 size, MemoryAttribute mask,
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MemoryAttribute attribute);
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/**
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* Scans all VMAs and updates the page table range of any that use the given vector as backing
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* memory. This should be called after any operation that causes reallocation of the vector.
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*/
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void RefreshMemoryBlockMappings(const std::vector<u8>* block);
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/// Dumps the address space layout to the log, for debugging
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void LogLayout() const;
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/// Gets the total memory usage, used by svcGetInfo
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u64 GetTotalMemoryUsage() const;
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/// Gets the total heap usage, used by svcGetInfo
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u64 GetTotalHeapUsage() const;
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/// Gets the address space base address
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VAddr GetAddressSpaceBaseAddress() const;
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/// Gets the address space end address
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VAddr GetAddressSpaceEndAddress() const;
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/// Gets the total address space address size in bytes
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u64 GetAddressSpaceSize() const;
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/// Gets the address space width in bits.
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u64 GetAddressSpaceWidth() const;
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/// Determines whether or not the given address range lies within the address space.
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bool IsWithinAddressSpace(VAddr address, u64 size) const;
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/// Gets the base address of the ASLR region.
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VAddr GetASLRRegionBaseAddress() const;
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/// Gets the end address of the ASLR region.
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VAddr GetASLRRegionEndAddress() const;
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/// Gets the size of the ASLR region
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u64 GetASLRRegionSize() const;
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/// Determines whether or not the specified address range is within the ASLR region.
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bool IsWithinASLRRegion(VAddr address, u64 size) const;
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/// Gets the base address of the code region.
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VAddr GetCodeRegionBaseAddress() const;
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/// Gets the end address of the code region.
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VAddr GetCodeRegionEndAddress() const;
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/// Gets the total size of the code region in bytes.
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u64 GetCodeRegionSize() const;
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/// Determines whether or not the specified range is within the code region.
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bool IsWithinCodeRegion(VAddr address, u64 size) const;
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/// Gets the base address of the heap region.
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VAddr GetHeapRegionBaseAddress() const;
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/// Gets the end address of the heap region;
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VAddr GetHeapRegionEndAddress() const;
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/// Gets the total size of the heap region in bytes.
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u64 GetHeapRegionSize() const;
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/// Determines whether or not the specified range is within the heap region.
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bool IsWithinHeapRegion(VAddr address, u64 size) const;
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/// Gets the base address of the map region.
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VAddr GetMapRegionBaseAddress() const;
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/// Gets the end address of the map region.
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VAddr GetMapRegionEndAddress() const;
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/// Gets the total size of the map region in bytes.
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u64 GetMapRegionSize() const;
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/// Determines whether or not the specified range is within the map region.
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bool IsWithinMapRegion(VAddr address, u64 size) const;
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/// Gets the base address of the new map region.
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VAddr GetNewMapRegionBaseAddress() const;
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/// Gets the end address of the new map region.
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VAddr GetNewMapRegionEndAddress() const;
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/// Gets the total size of the new map region in bytes.
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u64 GetNewMapRegionSize() const;
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/// Determines whether or not the given address range is within the new map region
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bool IsWithinNewMapRegion(VAddr address, u64 size) const;
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/// Gets the base address of the TLS IO region.
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VAddr GetTLSIORegionBaseAddress() const;
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/// Gets the end address of the TLS IO region.
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VAddr GetTLSIORegionEndAddress() const;
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/// Gets the total size of the TLS IO region in bytes.
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u64 GetTLSIORegionSize() const;
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/// Determines if the given address range is within the TLS IO region.
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bool IsWithinTLSIORegion(VAddr address, u64 size) const;
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/// Each VMManager has its own page table, which is set as the main one when the owning process
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/// is scheduled.
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Common::PageTable page_table{Memory::PAGE_BITS};
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private:
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using VMAIter = VMAMap::iterator;
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/// Converts a VMAHandle to a mutable VMAIter.
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VMAIter StripIterConstness(const VMAHandle& iter);
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/// Unmaps the given VMA.
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VMAIter Unmap(VMAIter vma);
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/**
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* Carves a VMA of a specific size at the specified address by splitting Free VMAs while doing
|
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* the appropriate error checking.
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*/
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ResultVal<VMAIter> CarveVMA(VAddr base, u64 size);
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/**
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* Splits the edges of the given range of non-Free VMAs so that there is a VMA split at each
|
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* end of the range.
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|
*/
|
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ResultVal<VMAIter> CarveVMARange(VAddr base, u64 size);
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|
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/**
|
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* Splits a VMA in two, at the specified offset.
|
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* @returns the right side of the split, with the original iterator becoming the left side.
|
|
*/
|
|
VMAIter SplitVMA(VMAIter vma, u64 offset_in_vma);
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|
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/**
|
|
* Checks for and merges the specified VMA with adjacent ones if possible.
|
|
* @returns the merged VMA or the original if no merging was possible.
|
|
*/
|
|
VMAIter MergeAdjacent(VMAIter vma);
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|
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/// Updates the pages corresponding to this VMA so they match the VMA's attributes.
|
|
void UpdatePageTableForVMA(const VirtualMemoryArea& vma);
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|
|
|
/// Initializes memory region ranges to adhere to a given address space type.
|
|
void InitializeMemoryRegionRanges(FileSys::ProgramAddressSpaceType type);
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|
|
|
/// Clears the underlying map and page table.
|
|
void Clear();
|
|
|
|
/// Clears out the VMA map, unmapping any previously mapped ranges.
|
|
void ClearVMAMap();
|
|
|
|
/// Clears out the page table
|
|
void ClearPageTable();
|
|
|
|
using CheckResults = ResultVal<std::tuple<MemoryState, VMAPermission, MemoryAttribute>>;
|
|
|
|
/// Checks if an address range adheres to the specified states provided.
|
|
///
|
|
/// @param address The starting address of the address range.
|
|
/// @param size The size of the address range.
|
|
/// @param state_mask The memory state mask.
|
|
/// @param state The state to compare the individual VMA states against,
|
|
/// which is done in the form of: (vma.state & state_mask) != state.
|
|
/// @param permission_mask The memory permissions mask.
|
|
/// @param permissions The permission to compare the individual VMA permissions against,
|
|
/// which is done in the form of:
|
|
/// (vma.permission & permission_mask) != permission.
|
|
/// @param attribute_mask The memory attribute mask.
|
|
/// @param attribute The memory attributes to compare the individual VMA attributes
|
|
/// against, which is done in the form of:
|
|
/// (vma.attributes & attribute_mask) != attribute.
|
|
/// @param ignore_mask The memory attributes to ignore during the check.
|
|
///
|
|
/// @returns If successful, returns a tuple containing the memory attributes
|
|
/// (with ignored bits specified by ignore_mask unset), memory permissions, and
|
|
/// memory state across the memory range.
|
|
/// @returns If not successful, returns ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS_STATE.
|
|
///
|
|
CheckResults CheckRangeState(VAddr address, u64 size, MemoryState state_mask, MemoryState state,
|
|
VMAPermission permission_mask, VMAPermission permissions,
|
|
MemoryAttribute attribute_mask, MemoryAttribute attribute,
|
|
MemoryAttribute ignore_mask) const;
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* A map covering the entirety of the managed address space, keyed by the `base` field of each
|
|
* VMA. It must always be modified by splitting or merging VMAs, so that the invariant
|
|
* `elem.base + elem.size == next.base` is preserved, and mergeable regions must always be
|
|
* merged when possible so that no two similar and adjacent regions exist that have not been
|
|
* merged.
|
|
*/
|
|
VMAMap vma_map;
|
|
|
|
u32 address_space_width = 0;
|
|
VAddr address_space_base = 0;
|
|
VAddr address_space_end = 0;
|
|
|
|
VAddr aslr_region_base = 0;
|
|
VAddr aslr_region_end = 0;
|
|
|
|
VAddr code_region_base = 0;
|
|
VAddr code_region_end = 0;
|
|
|
|
VAddr heap_region_base = 0;
|
|
VAddr heap_region_end = 0;
|
|
|
|
VAddr map_region_base = 0;
|
|
VAddr map_region_end = 0;
|
|
|
|
VAddr new_map_region_base = 0;
|
|
VAddr new_map_region_end = 0;
|
|
|
|
VAddr tls_io_region_base = 0;
|
|
VAddr tls_io_region_end = 0;
|
|
|
|
// Memory used to back the allocations in the regular heap. A single vector is used to cover
|
|
// the entire virtual address space extents that bound the allocations, including any holes.
|
|
// This makes deallocation and reallocation of holes fast and keeps process memory contiguous
|
|
// in the emulator address space, allowing Memory::GetPointer to be reasonably safe.
|
|
std::shared_ptr<std::vector<u8>> heap_memory;
|
|
// The left/right bounds of the address space covered by heap_memory.
|
|
VAddr heap_start = 0;
|
|
VAddr heap_end = 0;
|
|
u64 heap_used = 0;
|
|
};
|
|
} // namespace Kernel
|