2018-07-23 17:10:34 +00:00
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-*- org -*-
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2018-07-22 12:24:36 +00:00
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#+TITLE: Hacking GNU Mes
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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Copyright © 2016,2017,2018 Jan (janneke) Nieuwenhuizen <janneke@gnu.org>
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2018-07-23 17:10:34 +00:00
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Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
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are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
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notice and this notice are preserved.
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2017-04-02 15:01:29 +00:00
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* SETUP
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2018-12-20 06:44:18 +00:00
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guix environment -l guix.scm #64 bit + 32bit
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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or
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2018-12-20 06:44:18 +00:00
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guix environment --system=i686-linux -l guix.scm #32 bit only
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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or
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guix package --profile=~/.config/guix/mes --manifest=build-aux/manifest.scm
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. ~/.config/guix/mes/etc/profile
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2017-05-28 16:32:53 +00:00
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* BUILD
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There are two major modes to build Mes: true bootstrap and
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development.
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** DEVELOPMENT BUILD
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To help development we assume ./configure sets these variables for make
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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CC -- gcc (or i686-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc sans libc)
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2017-07-09 16:40:12 +00:00
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GUILE -- guile
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HEX2 -- hex2
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MES -- unset
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M1 -- M1
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2018-07-09 08:46:28 +00:00
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prefix -- ""
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2017-05-28 16:32:53 +00:00
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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Mes is supposed to serve as a full equivalent for Guile, however Mes
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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is still about 2 to 10 times slower than Guile. That's why we usually
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2018-12-20 06:44:18 +00:00
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don't use Mes during development, configure --with-cheating.
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2017-05-28 16:32:53 +00:00
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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Gcc is used to verify the sanity of our C sources.
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2017-05-28 16:32:53 +00:00
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i686-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc is used to compare hex/assembly, to test
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2018-09-05 05:05:08 +00:00
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the gcc variant of Mes C Libirary.
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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Target prefix: x86-mes-gcc.
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2018-09-05 05:05:08 +00:00
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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gcc -nostdinc,-nostdlib is used to compare hex/assembly, to test the
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64bit variant of Mes C Library. Target prefix: x86_64-mes-gcc.
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2017-05-28 16:32:53 +00:00
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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Guile is used to develop MesCC, the C compiler in Scheme that during
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bootstrapping will be executed by Mes.
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2017-05-28 16:32:53 +00:00
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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** BOOTSTRAP BUILD
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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./configure.sh [--prefix=PREFIX]
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2018-12-20 06:44:18 +00:00
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./bootstrap.sh
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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./install.sh
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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In bootstrap mode, we don't have gcc (CC), we don't have a 32 bit gcc,
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we have no guile (GUILE)...but we should have hex2, M1, and mes.M1.
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That's a bootstrap problem which is currently ignored by using the
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mes-seed package. mes.M1 will be produced by M2-Planet from mes.c.
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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2017-03-29 06:05:18 +00:00
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* ROADMAP
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2018-05-23 20:48:00 +00:00
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** TODO
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2017-04-02 15:01:29 +00:00
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*** release 0.x, unsorted
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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- mes: prepare src/mes.c for M2-Planet transpiler,
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Jeremiah branched-out from mes; see https://github.com/oriansj/mes-m2.
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- mes/mescc: proper docstrings, api reference documentation.
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- replace bootstrap-binaries with Gash: bash, coreutils, grep, gzip,
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2018-09-05 05:05:08 +00:00
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sed, tar.
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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- mes: real module support, Guile compatible (define-module,
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define-public, export).
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- mescc: ARMv7/AArch64 support.
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*** after release 1.0
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- replace initial gcc-2.95.3 with gcc-3.x or 4.x
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- use 3rd party libc (ucLibc, dietlibc, ...) after Mes and reduce
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need for bootstrappably-rich Mes C Library?
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- mes/mescc: bootstrap a `bootstrap-Guile' before bootstrapping tcc?
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2018-06-24 11:13:13 +00:00
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- tcc: remove or upstream patches from tcc-boot.
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2018-09-05 05:05:08 +00:00
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- tcc: build 0.9.27 directly instead of via 0.9.26, see tinycc
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wip-bootstrappable@0.9.27 branch
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- mes/mescc: bootstrap a minimal-Guile?
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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+ libguile/{eval,init,list,strings,values,..}.
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2017-11-21 18:22:26 +00:00
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+ ice-9/eval.scm
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2017-11-11 12:09:26 +00:00
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- mescc: have mes-tcc pass all scaffold/tests, scaffold/tinycc tests.
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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- syntax-case bootstrap problem
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+ resolve portable syntax-case bootstrap, or
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+ get full source syntax-case up (Andre van Tonder?)
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https://srfi.schemers.org/srfi-72/srfi-72.html, or
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+ ... drop it?
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- mescc: the Hurd support.
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2017-03-29 06:05:18 +00:00
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** DONE
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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*** 0.19 GNU mes now compiles TinyCC in ~8min and supports building Bash and GNU Tar.
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2018-09-05 05:05:08 +00:00
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*** 0.18 GNU mes now supports GuixSD bootstrap (x86,x86_64) and has native x86_64 support.
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2018-08-09 22:22:05 +00:00
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*** 0.17.1 GNU Mes now allows removing glibc, binutils and gcc from the GuixSD bootstrap.
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2018-07-22 14:21:50 +00:00
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*** 0.17 GNU Mes is now an official GNU project and bootstraps gcc-4.7.4.
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2018-06-26 20:22:56 +00:00
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*** 0.16.1 Mes now has info docs and installs ootb on Debian buster/testing.
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2018-06-24 11:13:13 +00:00
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*** 0.16 Mes Lib C now bootstraps glibc-2.2.5, binutils-2.20.1, gcc-4.1.0.
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2018-05-23 20:48:00 +00:00
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*** 0.15: MesCC now has a libc+gnu that supports compiling binutils-2.14, gcc-2.95.3 and glibc-2.2.5.
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2018-05-19 18:52:24 +00:00
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*** 0.14: Mes+MesCC now compiles a slightly patched self-hosting tcc.
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2018-04-21 22:45:00 +00:00
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*** 0.13: Mes+MesCC now compiles a modified, functional tcc.c (~25,000LOC) in 1h30'.
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2017-11-21 18:22:26 +00:00
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*** 0.12: Mes+MesCC now compiles mes.c (~3000LOC) in ~4min.
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*** 0.11: MesCC now compiles a mes-tcc that passes 26/69 of mescc's C tests.
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2017-11-11 12:09:26 +00:00
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*** 0.10: Mescc now compiles a mes-tcc that compiles a trivial C to a running a.out.
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*** 0.9: Mescc now writes M1 macro assembly files and compiles tcc.
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*** 0.8: Mescc now writes object files in stage0's labeled hex2 format.
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*** 0.7: Mescc supports -E, -c, -o options, include more complete set of header files,
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2018-06-24 11:13:13 +00:00
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enough to work on compiling tinycc's tcc.c albeit a somewhat modified version.
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2017-11-11 12:09:26 +00:00
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*** 0.6: Work with unmodified, unbundled Nyacc; compile 33/55 tinycc's tests/test2 suite.
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*** 0.5: Mutual self-hosting Scheme interpreter and C compiler: mes.c and mescc,
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Support call-with-current-continuation, refactor catch/throw
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*** 0.4: Support Nyacc, Gcc-compiled Mes compiles minimal main.c using nyacc
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*** 0.3: Garbage collector
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*** 0.2: Support psyntax
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*** 0.1: Mes eval/apply feature complete; support syntax-rules, compile main.c using LALR, dump ELF
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2017-03-29 06:05:18 +00:00
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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* DEBUG
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MES_DEBUG=<level> mes
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** Levels
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2018-05-23 20:48:00 +00:00
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1) Informational:
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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- MODULEDIR
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- included SCM modules and sources
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- result of program
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- gc stats at exit
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2) opened files
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3) runtime gc stats
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4) detailed info
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- parsed, expanded program
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- list of builtins
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- list of symbol
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- opened input strings
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- gc details
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2019-05-27 19:30:48 +00:00
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5) lots of data
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- usage of opened input strings
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- bytes read
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6) globals
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2018-04-09 05:12:38 +00:00
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2016-12-24 16:22:34 +00:00
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* Bugs
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2018-10-20 07:53:44 +00:00
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** mes: performance, Mes is now 2-10x slower than Guile.
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** mes/mescc lack support for the Hurd.
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** mes: gcc-x86_64 compiled mes segfaults with small arena, or gc_up_arena.
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2018-07-21 13:20:01 +00:00
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** mes: gcc-x86 compiled, tests/srfi-13.test number->string INT-MIN fails:
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test: number->string INT-MIN: fail
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expected: -2147483648
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actual: -./,),(-*,(
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2018-06-24 11:13:13 +00:00
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** tcc: tcc-built lib/libc+tcc.c segfaults with mes, with tcc.
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2017-11-21 18:22:26 +00:00
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** mes: remove pmatch-car/pmatch-cdr hack.
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2018-04-21 22:45:00 +00:00
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** mescc: softcode stack frame size, now hardcoded and very large
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2017-11-21 18:22:26 +00:00
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** mes+mescc: parse tcc.c->tcc.E works, compile tcc.E -> tcc.M1 segfaults.
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2018-04-21 22:45:00 +00:00
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time GUILE_LOAD_PATH=/home/janneke/src/nyacc/module:$GUILE_LOAD_PATH ../mes/scripts/mescc -E -o tcc.E -I . -I ../mes/lib -I ../mes/include -D 'CONFIG_TCCDIR="usr/lib/tcc"' -D 'CONFIG_TCC_CRTPREFIX="usr/lib:{B}/lib:."' -D 'CONFIG_TCC_ELFINTERP="/gnu/store/70jxsnpffkl7fdb7qv398n8yi1a3w5nx-glibc-2.26.105-g0890d5379c/lib/ld-linux.so.2"' -D 'CONFIG_TCC_LIBPATHS="/home/janneke/src/tinycc/usr/lib:{B}/lib:."' -D 'CONFIG_TCC_SYSINCLUDEPATHS="../mes/include:usr/include:{B}/include"' -D CONFIG_USE_LIBGCC=1 -D 'TCC_LIBGCC="/home/janneke/src/tinycc/usr/lib/libc+tcc-gcc.mlibc-o"' -D CONFIG_TCC_STATIC=1 -D ONE_SOURCE=yes -D TCC_TARGET_I386=1 -D BOOTSTRAP=1 tcc.c
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time GUILE_LOAD_PATH=/home/janneke/src/nyacc/module:$GUILE_LOAD_PATH MES_ARENA=200000000 ../mes/scripts/mescc -c -o tcc.M1 tcc.E
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2019-05-27 19:33:20 +00:00
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** mescc: 64 bit compiled mes loses top 4 bytes
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*** 64 bit mescc-compiled mes:
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#x100000000 => 0
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(modulo 1 #x100000000) => divide-by-zero
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*** 64 bit gcc-compiled mes:
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#x100000000 => 0
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(modulo 1 #x100000000) => 1
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2017-11-11 12:09:26 +00:00
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** mescc: 7n-struct-struct-array.c: struct file f = {"first.h"};
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2017-04-01 13:06:07 +00:00
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** test/match.test ("nyacc-simple"): hygiene problem in match
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2016-10-15 09:54:24 +00:00
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* OLD: Booting from LISP-1.5 into Mes
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2016-07-22 20:12:05 +00:00
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Mes started out experimenting with booting from a hex-coded minimal
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2016-10-15 09:54:24 +00:00
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LISP-1.5 (prototype in mes.c), into an almost-RRS Scheme.
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2016-07-22 20:12:05 +00:00
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When EOF is read, the LISP-1.5 machine calls loop2 from loop2.mes,
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which reads the rest of stdin and takes over control. The functions
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readenv, eval and apply-env in mes.mes introduced define, define-macro
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quasiquote and macro expansion.
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While this works, it's amazingly slow. We implemented a full reader
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in mes.c, which makes running mes:apply-env mes:eval somewhat
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bearable, still over 1000x slower than running mes.c.
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2016-10-15 09:54:24 +00:00
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Bootstrapping has been removed and mes.c implements enough of RRS to
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2016-07-22 20:12:05 +00:00
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run a macro-based define-syntax and syntax-rules.
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loop.mes and mes.mes are unused and lagging behind. Probably it's not
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worth considering this route without a VM. GNU Epsilon is taking the
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more usual VM-route to provide multiple personas. While that sounds
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2016-10-15 09:54:24 +00:00
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neat, Lisp/Scheme, bootstrapping and trusted binaries are probably not
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in scope as there is no mention of such things; only ML is mentioned
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while Guile is used for bootstrapping.
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2016-07-22 20:12:05 +00:00
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2018-05-23 20:48:00 +00:00
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* Assorted ideas and info
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2017-01-22 13:16:22 +00:00
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** Using GDB on assembly/a.out
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info registers
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p/x $eax
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p/x $edx
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2017-11-21 18:22:26 +00:00
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set disassemble-next-line on
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2017-01-22 13:16:22 +00:00
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gdb-display-disassembly-buffer
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b *0x804a79d
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** Create memory dump with 32 bit Gcc compiled Mes
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core: Always include reader.c, drop binary read-0-32.mo dependency.
* module/language/c99/compiler.mes (c99-input->full-ast): Remove
obsolete __NYACC__ and MES_FULL defines.
* src/mes.c [!MES_FULL]: Include reader-mes.h.
(mes_builtins) [!MES_FULL]: Include reader.mes.i, reader.me.environment.i.
[!MES_FULL]: Include reader.c.
(main) [!MES_FULL]: By default call load_env, only call bload_env
when --load is supplied. WAS: Always bload read-0-32.mo.
* src/reader.c (__end_of__mes_): Remove.
(dump): Remove option of dumping tiny test program.
* make/mescc-mes.make ($(OUT)/$(TARGET), mescc.mes-ccompile,
mescc.mes.c-compile-E): Depend on $(OUT)/mes, scripts/mes.
* src/src.make (mes.guile): Remove module/mes/read-32-0 dependency.
Do not build $(OUT)/mes.mes.
* module/module.make (module/mes/read-0.mo, module/mes/read-0-32.mo,
module/mes/tiny-0-32.mo): Remove targets.
(CLEAN): Do not add them. Neither install $(OUT)/mes.mes.
* .gitignore: Remove exceptions for them.
* make/install.make (install): Do not install them.
* HACKING: Update info about creating module/mes/read-32-0.mo.
* scaffold/mini-mes.c: Remove.
* scaffold/tiny-mes.c: Remove.
* scaffold/cons-mes.c: Remove.
* scaffold/scaffold.make (tiny-mes.libc, tiny-mes.guile, tiny-mes.mes,
mini-mes.libc, mini-mes.guile, mini-mes.mes): Reemove targets.
2017-05-28 14:03:45 +00:00
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make out/i686-unknown-linux-gnu-mes
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out/i686-unknown-linux-gnu-mes --dump < module/mes/read-0.mes > module/mes/read-0-32.mo
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2018-08-10 15:05:01 +00:00
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x/s *((char **)($rsp+8))
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2016-10-15 09:54:24 +00:00
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** C parser/compiler
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*** [[https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/nyacc][nyacc]]
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*** PEG: [[http://piumarta.com/software/peg/][parse C using PEG]]
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*** [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiny_C_Compiler][Tiny C Compiler]]
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*** [[http://www.t3x.org/subc/index.html][Sub C]]
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*** [[https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/comp.lang.lisp/VPuX0VsjTTE][C intepreter in LISP/Scheme/Python]]
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** C assembler/linker
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*** [[http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Assembly-HOWTO/linux.html][Assembly HOWTO]]
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*** ELF
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7f 45 4c 46
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*** [[http://www.muppetlabs.com/~breadbox/software/tiny/][Small ELF programs]]
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*** [[http://www.cirosantilli.com/elf-hello-world/][Elf hello world]]
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2016-12-10 21:47:13 +00:00
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** SC - c as s-expressions
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sc: http://sph.mn/content/3d3
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2016-10-15 09:54:24 +00:00
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** RNRS
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2018-05-23 20:48:00 +00:00
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*** [[http://www.scheme-reports.org/][Scheme Reports]]
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2016-10-15 09:54:24 +00:00
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*** [[ftp://publications.ai.mit.edu/ai-publications/pdf/AIM-349.pdf][Scheme - Report on Scheme]]
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*** [[ftp://publications.ai.mit.edu/ai-publications/pdf/AIM-452.pdf][RRS - Revised Report on Scheme]]
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mescc: Run mini-mes.
* .gitignore: Ignore tiny-mes and tiny .mo's.
* doc/examples/tiny-mes.c: Simplify.
* doc/examples/mini-mes.c: Use simplifications from tiny-mes.
* doc/examples/t.c (read_test, struct_test): New functions.
(test): Add tests for arena, g_cells globals.
* module/mes/elf-util.mes (dec->hex): New function.
(lambda/label->list): Add text-address parameter. Update callers.
* module/language/c99/compiler.mes (make, info, clone): Add init field.
(.init): New function.
(ident->accu): Add exceptions for globals.
* module/mes/elf-util.scm: Export it.
* module/mes/libc-i386.mes (i386:accu->base-ref,
i386:byte-accu->base-ref, i386:accu->base-ref+n,
i386:accu->global-ref, i386:global-ref->accu, i386:global-ref->base,
i386:global-add, i386:global->accu):, i386:local-ref->accu,
i386:local-ptr->accu, i386:local-ptr->base): New functions.
* module/mes/libc-i386.scm: Export them.
2017-01-29 14:22:39 +00:00
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** tiny schemes
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http://forum.osdev.org/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=19937
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http://www.stripedgazelle.org/joey/dreamos.html
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http://armpit.sourceforge.net/
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http://common-lisp.net/project/movitz/movitz.html
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<civodul> janneke: https://github.com/namin/inc looks interesting [15:18]
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2017-03-29 06:05:18 +00:00
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** Orians Jeremiah
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<OriansJ> janneke: also, if you look at
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https://github.com/oriansj/stage0/tree/master/stage2/High_level_prototypes
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[the garbage collected lisp I implemented], if there are any pieces
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I could add to finish off your mes lisp bootstrap just let me know
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because I would be more than happy to do that :D
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<janneke> OriansJ: that's what I'm hoping for, that our efforts can be
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complementary and we can work together
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*** lfam (~lfam@2601:47:4180:2ffb:7c05:17de:cf5f:23ef) has quit: Ping timeout:
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246 seconds [00:22]
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<janneke> exciting times! [00:23]
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<janneke> OriansJ: i looked a few times and saw 'LISP empty', so thanks for
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the pointer! [00:24]
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<civodul> OriansJ, janneke: from that page, there's also:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20160604035203fw_/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/edmund.grimley-evans/bcompiler.html
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** C4/C500
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https://web.archive.org/web/20160604041431/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/edmund.grimley-evans/cc500/cc500.c
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https://github.com/rswier/c4/blob/master/c4.c
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2017-04-02 15:01:29 +00:00
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** Compilers for free
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http://codon.com/compilers-for-free
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2017-05-22 21:35:39 +00:00
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** Small lisps
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*** [[https://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/www.bitsavers.org/bits/TI/Explorer/zeta-c/][ZETA-C]]
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** Small C compilers
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*** tinycc
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*** [[https://github.com/rui314/8cc][8cc]] -- a C11 compiler, but simple
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8cc is a compiler for the C programming language. It's intended to
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support all C11 language features while keeping the code as small and
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simple as possible.
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*** pcc
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*** early GCC?
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2017-11-11 12:09:26 +00:00
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https://miyuki.github.io/2017/10/04/gcc-archaeology-1.html
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2017-05-22 21:35:39 +00:00
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*** [[http://tack.sourceforge.net/][ack]]
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<rain1> it may be possible to compile like this: mes |> ack |> pcc |> tcc |>
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gcc 4.7.4 |> gcc later version... up to modern
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2017-06-08 18:39:24 +00:00
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*** [[https://web.archive.org/web/20160402225843/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/edmund.grimley-evans/cc500/][cc500]]
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2017-05-22 21:35:39 +00:00
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** rain1's Bootstrapping Wiki: https://bootstrapping.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page
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2017-06-08 18:39:24 +00:00
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** rain1's hex86
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https://notabug.org/rain1/hex86/src/master/tests/hex0b3.hex86
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2018-09-05 05:05:08 +00:00
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** <pdewacht> janneke, have you ever tried testing mescc with csmith? [10:55]
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** <pdewacht> e.g. as described here
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https://jamey.thesharps.us/2016/07/15/testing-strategies-for-corrode/
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("Randomized testing with Csmith and C-Reduce") [10:58]
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2018-12-20 06:44:18 +00:00
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** linux syscalls: https://fedora.juszkiewicz.com.pl/syscalls.html
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