mes/syntax.mes

;; -*-scheme-*-

(define (syntax-error message thing)
  (display "syntax-error:")
  (display message)
  (display ":")
  (display thing)
  (newline))

;;; Adapted from scheme48-1.1/scheme/alt/syntax.scm

;;; Copyright (c) 1993-2004 by Richard Kelsey and Jonathan Rees. See file COPYING.

;;; scheme48-1.1/COPYING

;; Copyright (c) 1993-2004 Richard Kelsey and Jonathan Rees
;; All rights reserved.

;; Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
;; modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
;; are met:
;; 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
;;    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
;; 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
;;    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
;;    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
;; 3. The name of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote products
;;    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

;; THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
;; IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
;; OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
;; IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
;; INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
;; NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
;; DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
;; THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
;; (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
;; THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.


(display "mes:define-syntax...")

(define-macro (define-syntax macro-name transformer . stuff)
  `(define-macro (,macro-name . args)
     (,transformer (cons ',macro-name args)
                             (lambda (x) x)
                             eq?)))

;; Rewrite-rule compiler (a.k.a. "extend-syntax")

;; Example:
;;
;; (define-syntax or
;;   (syntax-rules ()
;;     ((or) #f)
;;     ((or e) e)
;;     ((or e1 e ...) (let ((temp e1))
;;		       (if temp temp (or e ...))))))

(newline)

(display "mes:define-syntax syntax-rules...")
(newline)

(define-syntax syntax-rules
   (let ()
     (define name? symbol?)

     (define (segment-pattern? pattern)
       (and (segment-template? pattern)
            (or (null? (cddr pattern))
                (syntax-error "segment matching not implemented" pattern))))
      
     (define (segment-template? pattern)
       (and (pair? pattern)
            (pair? (cdr pattern))
            (memq (cadr pattern) indicators-for-zero-or-more)))
      
     (define indicators-for-zero-or-more (list (string->symbol "...") '---))
  
    (lambda (exp r c)

      (define %input (r '%input))       ;Gensym these, if you like.
      (define %compare (r '%compare))
      (define %rename (r '%rename))
      (define %tail (r '%tail))
      (define %temp (r '%temp))

      (define rules (cddr exp))
      (define subkeywords (cadr exp))

      (define (make-transformer rules)
          `(lambda (,%input ,%rename ,%compare)
           (let ((,%tail (cdr ,%input)))
               (cond ,@(map process-rule rules)
                   (else
                    (syntax-error
                     "use of macro doesn't match definition"
                     ,%input))))))

      (define (process-rule rule)
          (cond ((and (pair? rule)
                    (pair? (cdr rule))
                    (null? (cddr rule)))
               (let ((pattern (cdar rule))
                     (template (cadr rule)))
                 `((and ,@(process-match %tail pattern))
                   (let* ,(process-pattern pattern
                                           %tail
                                           (lambda (x) x))
                     ,(process-template template
                                        0
                                        (meta-variables pattern 0 '()))))))
              (syntax-error "ill-formed syntax rule" rule)))

      ;; Generate code to test whether input expression matches pattern

      (define (process-match input pattern)
          (cond ((name? pattern)
               (cond ((member pattern subkeywords)
                      `((,%compare ,input (,%rename ',pattern))))
                     (#t `())))
              ((segment-pattern? pattern)
               (process-segment-match input (car pattern)))
              ((pair? pattern)
               `((let ((,%temp ,input))
                   (and (pair? ,%temp)
                        ,@(process-match `(car ,%temp) (car pattern))
                        ,@(process-match `(cdr ,%temp) (cdr pattern))))))
              ((or (null? pattern) (boolean? pattern) (char? pattern))
               `((eq? ,input ',pattern)))
              (else
               `((equal? ,input ',pattern)))))

      (define (process-segment-match input pattern)
        (let ((conjuncts (process-match '(car l) pattern)))
          (cond ((null? conjuncts)
                 `((list? ,input)))     ;+++
                (#t `((let loop ((l ,input))
                        (or (null? l)
                            (and (pair? l)
                                 ,@conjuncts
                                 (loop (cdr l))))))))))

      ;; Generate code to take apart the input expression
      ;; This is pretty bad, but it seems to work (can't say why).

      (define (process-pattern pattern path mapit)
        (cond ((name? pattern)
               (cond ((memq pattern subkeywords)
                      '())
                     (#t
                      (list (list pattern (mapit path))))))
              ((segment-pattern? pattern)
               (process-pattern (car pattern)
                                %temp
                                (lambda (x) ;temp is free in x
                                  (mapit (cond ((eq? %temp x)
                                                path) ;+++
                                               (#t
                                                `(map (lambda (,%temp) ,x)
                                                      ,path)))))))
              ((pair? pattern)
               (append (process-pattern (car pattern) `(car ,path) mapit)
                       (process-pattern (cdr pattern) `(cdr ,path) mapit)))
              (else '())))

      ;; Generate code to compose the output expression according to template

      (define (process-template template rank env)
        (cond ((name? template)
               (let ((probe (assq template env)))
                 (cond (probe
                        (cond ((<= (cdr probe) rank)
                               template)
                              (#t (syntax-error "template rank error (too few ...'s?)"
                                                template))))
                       (#t `(,%rename ',template)))))
              ((segment-template? template)
               (let ((vars
                      (free-meta-variables (car template) (+ rank 1) env '())))
                 (cond ((null? vars)
                        (syntax-error "too many ...'s" template))
                       (#t (let* ((x (process-template (car template)
                                                       (+ rank 1)
                                                       env))
                                  (gen (cond ((equal? (list x) vars)
                                              x) ;+++
                                             (#t `(map (lambda ,vars ,x)
                                                       ,@vars)))))
                             (cond ((null? (cddr template))
                                    gen) ;+++
                                   (else
                                    `(append ,gen ,(process-template (cddr template)
                                                                     rank env)))))))))
              ((pair? template)
               `(cons ,(process-template (car template) rank env)
                      ,(process-template (cdr template) rank env)))
              (else `(quote ,template))))

      ;; Return an association list of (var . rank)

      (define (meta-variables pattern rank vars)
        (cond ((name? pattern)
               (cond ((memq pattern subkeywords)
                      vars)
                     (else (cons (cons pattern rank) vars))))
              ((segment-pattern? pattern)
               (meta-variables (car pattern) (+ rank 1) vars))
              ((pair? pattern)
               (meta-variables (car pattern) rank
                               (meta-variables (cdr pattern) rank vars)))
              (else vars)))

      ;; Return a list of meta-variables of given higher rank

      (define (free-meta-variables template rank env free)
        (cond ((name? template)
               (cond ((and (not (memq template free))
                           (let ((probe (assq template env)))
                             (and probe (>= (cdr probe) rank))))
                      (cons template free))
                     (else free)))
              ((segment-template? template)
               (free-meta-variables (car template)
                                    rank env
                                    (free-meta-variables (cddr template)
                                                         rank env free)))
              ((pair? template)
               (free-meta-variables (car template)
                                    rank env
                                    (free-meta-variables (cdr template)
                                                         rank env free)))
              (else free)))

      c                                 ;ignored

      ;; Kludge for Scheme48 linker.
      ;; `(cons ,(make-transformer rules)
      ;;          ',(find-free-names-in-syntax-rules subkeywords rules))

      (make-transformer rules))))

(define-macro (define-syntax-rule id-pattern . template)
  `(define-syntax ,(car id-pattern)
     (syntax-rules ()
       ((,(car id-pattern) . ,(cdr id-pattern)) ,@template))))